Competitive strategies in operational excellence, customer intimacy and product leadership

In their 1997 book, The Discipline of Market Leaders, authors Michael Treacy and Fred Wiersma describe three competitive strategies, or value disciplines:

• Operational excellence
• Customer intimacy
• Product leadership

They argue companies must achieve market leadership for one competitive strategy and perform adequately with the other two.

References

• https://learn.marsdd.com/mars-library/competitive-strategies-in-operational-excellence-customer-intimacy-and-product-leadership/
• https://hbr.org/1993/01/customer-intimacy-and-other-value-disciplines
• https://www.business-to-you.com/value-disciplines-customer-intimacy/